The ableist conflation by Joel Reynolds Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The ableist conflation by Joel Reynolds - Essay Example As many groups have done, disabled people have been engaged in what Anspach calls â€Å"identity politics†; politics that endeavor not only to change society’s conception and response to disabled people, but also to change the self-concepts of disabled people themselves. The work of disabled people in changing how they think about themselves continues, as the disability community struggles for self-definition and self-determination, as well as for civil rights. One of the most important problems facing the political struggle of people with disabilities is the necessity of developing a positive sense of identity. The very idea of a positive disability identity flies in the face of long-standing social â€Å"wisdom† about disability. The reason for this lies in the cultural beliefs about disability that have determined the status and perceptions of disabled people in our society today. Historically, disabled people were viewed as social and moral deviants, violations of the natural and cosmic order of the universe (Reynold, J). The response to such â€Å"deviance† was to protect society by separating disabled people from society in asylums, jails, basements, attics, etc. Disabled people were not considered fully human, had no role in society, and no basis for a positive social identity The theories of psychosocial identity development in onset disability, particularly minority identity development, provide a useful framework for exploring the concept of disability identity development as a minority culture phenomenon. Within the literature of identity development, few theorists have explicitly addressed the issue of disability, yet the models provide fertile ground for exploration. In contrast, an extensive body of rehabilitation literature exists that is grounded in the medical view of disability that has generated research findings that support and reinforce a medical

Plea Bargaining Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Plea Bargaining - Essay Example Besides, the delay of justice inherent in legal trials will also practically amount to a denial of justice. Therefore, plea bargaining is a legal option when a defendant willingly agrees to settle a particular case under certain conditions and guidelines. Plea bargaining allows for a settlement of many cases outside the court when the two adversarial sides agree to reach an agreement (Goldstein, 1985, p. 62). In cases subjected to plea bargaining, either of the two sides, which are either the defendant or the prosecution, can initiate negotiations for plea bargaining, if both sides are willing to reach an agreement (Goldstein, 1985, p. 63). Plea bargaining usually involves a defendant pleading guilty to some or all of the charges levied against him or her, in return for which the prosecution makes recommendations for leniency in the sentence to be awarded to the defendant (Goldstein, 1985, p. 63). The hallmark of plea bargaining is that under no circumstances a judge is bound to hono r the recommendations made by the prosecution (Goldstein, 1985). Much of the plea bargains are subject to the court approval. Though the option of plea bargaining has its positives, yet it is also predisposed to certain demerits. Plea bargaining allows a defendant to avoid the loss of time and resources required for defending him or her (Tonry, 2000, p. 469). Plea bargaining also allows a defendant a chance to avoid stringent and harsh sentences and the accompanying negative publicity that a full trial may achieve (Tonry, 2000, p. 469). This also saves the courts the burden of carrying out a full trial of all the charges brought before them. By engaging in plea bargaining, the prosecution also saves on time and resources. Besides, it goes without saying that a criminal trial involves much uncertainty and anxiety. Plea bargaining helps concerned parties to avoid such uncertainty and anxiety (Tonry, 2000). Plea bargaining readily offers a conviction to the prosecution and allows one t o shape the sentencing as per one’s inclinations and aspirations (Tonry, 2000). Plea bargaining also has a favorable impact on the already overcrowded prison system. Plea bargaining also has its demerits in the sense that the detractors of this option hold that it offers to the criminals an easy way out of the criminal justice system (Saney, 1986, p. 139). The other disadvantage of plea bargaining is that it is open to the approval of the courts. If a court does not agree to an agreement achieved through plea bargaining, the case is left open to a full trial (Saney, 1986, p. 139). Plea bargaining is also harsh on the defendants in the sense that once a defendant pleads guilty and signs an agreement reached through plea bargaining, one will be left with no option to submit an appeal at a later stage if the case goes for a full trial (Saney, 1986). Though it is pragmatic to conclude that the option of plea bargaining helps the courts being crippled by a deluge of trials, still the criminal justice system needs to contrive better options which would allow for the exercise of justice without weighing heavily on the scarce resources at its disposal. Luckily, besides plea bargaining, many other legal options are available to the criminal justice system. Diversion programs stand to be one such option.

Applied Information Technology Project Part2 Assignment

Applied Information Technology Project Part2 - Assignment Example By sustaining a narrow profit margin, the grocery proved to be successful and by 1926, M.B. acquired 322 Safeway stores and incorporated as Safeway Inc. the merger saw the incorporation of the grocery to Safeway Inc. before joining the New York Stock Exchange. As a form of improving the quality of products, Safeway introduced product quality assurance through a â€Å"sell by† date on the perishable products for the assurance of quality and nutrients labelling. As of 2013, Safeway Inc had an operating income of U.S. $17.219 billion and employed approximately 138,000 employees. According to Someville (n.p), today Safeway controls about $25 billion in private equity from New York Security Exchange. Since 1928, Safeway Inc. has been listed on the New York Stock exchange, and its headquarters are situated in Pleasanton, California. The retail store’s mission is to ensure that its employees establish loyal relationships with its clients, while its mission emphasizes the use o f employees’ talents and passion to grant customers the best experience. Although Safeway Stores are in the process of merging with Albertsons Grocery Stores, their name while remain while business will proceed as usual under new management. Owing to the merger, some Safeway stores expect great improvements, including better customer services and cleaner stores. In addition, Alberterson reveals that its aim of acquiring Safeways was to put a shine on it through improved customer service and memorable customer experience. However, there is little hope that Safeways will remain given that Albertsons has a history of demising acquired firms such as Hayward-Based Mervyns that was declared bankrupt in 2008. Another controversial aspect of the merger is that Albertson is known for its stake in car, and guns and military and not supermarkets or grocery operations. The acquisition of Safeway places it in a company that has 27 distribution facilities, 2,400 stores, and 20

Anthroplogy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Anthroplogy - Essay Example There was occasional flooding occasioned by the melting glaciers. Most of the mountains in Idaho still have evidence of these Pleistocene glaciers (Digital Geology of Idaho 1). During this period, many animals roamed the plains and mountains of Idaho. Animals such as mammoth, giant sloths, and Smilodon amongst others roamed the earth. My favorite animal that roamed the world during this time was the mammoth. From the remains I saw at the Museum, the mammoth seemed such a huge animal. It is its mere sight that fascinates me more than scares me. All of these mammoths lived and died during the ice age (IMNH 1). As far as diet is concerned, the mammoth fed on grass, bushes, and sedges. Other foods that the mammoth ate included blue spruce, cactus and fruits amongst others. This implies that the Pleistocene period in Idaho was marked by rich vegetation since the mammoth also browsed. Another factor that makes me conclude that the Pleistocene period was marked by rich vegetation is the fact that the mammoth was much bigger than the present elephant yet it survived. In terms of physical appearance, the mammoth also had long tusks as the modern elephant. It must h ave been furry to that it adapted to extreme cold temperatures when the cold season and glaciers swept down the lowlands. However, it later became extinct due to reduced food availability and the ice age that greatly reduced its food sources. Human activity during this age was just beginning to take shape. The fact that this period was also marked by warm temperatures during certain seasons explains the origin of the early man. Archeological evidence point to the fact that man lived during this age and later migrated out of Africa. The early man during this period was the Neanderthal man, whom is said to have evolved after the Home erectus man. The early man had attained an upright posture during this time. He hunted wild animals, gathered food and learned how to make fire. Essentially, culture

Contract Exemption Clauses and Unfair Terms Essay

Contract Exemption Clauses and Unfair Terms - Essay Example Julia and Dave were, on the other hand, unable to negotiate the contractual terms when presented to them. As such the organization exercised its strength through a weak contract and choosing on their own where to deliver the Super U boat contrary to what was agreed between them and Julia. Being the weaker party in this contractual arrangement, Julia and Dave they opt to hire a crew in order to re-deliver the boat to their desired Hamble destination at an extra cost of ?900 instead. However, the law through the courts settles a common playing field for either parties. Sun searchers may have to prove to the court that Dave and Julia specifically agreed to the two exclusion clauses that appear to be unreasonable, and for consenting to the delivery of the boat delivered to an alternate destination. This is in line with the provisions of Unfair Contract Terms Act [1977]; that contract cannot be altered unilaterally, in this case by SunSearchers, without the consulting Julia and Dave as th e other party. This was not followed by Sunsearchers. In addition, the Act also provides that exemption clauses have to be  reasonable, or else be deemed void by a court. ... The seller breached the agreement. ii) Julia and Daves liability in respect of the damage to the Sunharvest Contrary to the doctrine of privity where a third party like Sunharvest had no right to the benefits conferred in a contract, the Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act [1999]  allows for this. Under this Act, Sunharvest can explore and seek legal remedies for the damages, as well as sue for breach of contract. There are, however, limitations as to how a contract can be changed without the consent of the third party involved. iii) Whether Julia Will Be Able To Claim Against Sunsearchers Ltd In Respect Of The Personal Injuries Sustained Following The Malfunction Of Their SuperU   By virtue of signing the contract it may be argued that Julia consented to the terms therein. This is in accordance to the cases of Parker v South Eastern Railway  and as well as L’Estrange v Graucob , where it ruled by the court that : in the absence of fraud, or misrepresentation, the pa rty signing a contractual document is bound by it whether he or she has read the document or not. However, the Misrepresentation Act 1967, The Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 and the The Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999, accords Julia the right to claim against Sunsearchers Ltd in respect of the personal injuries sustained and even. According to the Acts, misrepresentation in any manner goes towards negating her consent to one or more terms of the document. Equally, the contract can be annulled by the court in her favour if can prove that the contract was tainted with fraud or misrepresentation. The fact that the exclusion clauses in the contract were partially replicated in the invoice which the Julia had signed suffices grounds for misrepresentation. In line with the

Rizal and Dumas Essay Example for Free

Rizal and Dumas Essay Since early childhood, Jose Rizal already loved books. His mother, Doà ±a Teodora Alonzo taught him how to read a material in Spanish language and developed his mind and artistic talents by telling him wonderful and colourful stories and poems. Furthermore, his Tio Gregorio, a book lover, intensified his reading of good books. The favourite pastime of Rizal during his stay in Madrid was reading. Instead of gambling and flirting with women as many young Filipinos did in the Spanish metropolis, he stayed home and read voraciously until midnight. I can relate Rizal’s love on books to my passion. Since my high school days, I was drawn to insightful books and magazines. Unfortunately, this passion of mine was not developed early enough because our school’s library back then is poorly-equipped. There are only few books and most of them are outdated but I managed to gain insights from them. By the time I went to the University of San Jose-Recoletos (USJ-R) in Cebu City to pursue my college studies, I was very much excited when I found out that the institution has a very fascinating library. The size of our library in high school is only one percent of the library of this University. I was amazed by the myriad of new and insightful books displayed in the book shelves. Furthermore, the facility has a huge space so that it can accommodate lots of students. It is during my stay in this University did enhance my reading skills and develop my personal character through reading good and informative books. Through reading lots of books and magazines as well as surfing in the internet, I was able to widen my knowledge and nurtured my soul. I gained lots of information and wisdom from these reading materials. Moreover, my vocabulary and grammar had also improved through knowing the meaning of new words I read from the books. Indeed, reading will truly bring you liberty freedom in your mind and soul. One of the most favourite novels of Rizal was the Count of Monte Cristo which was authored by Alexander Dumas. This novel—which portrays the story of Edmond Dantes instilled his romantic cravings. Accordingly, the life of Edmond Dantes was a story of hope, vengeance, forgiveness, and mercy. This novel was an excellent example of pure wisdom and love. The theme of its story struck Rizal’s genius mind and unique character. The novel be came a favourite reading material of the hero during his teenage years. On the other hand, I can say that this story of Edmond Dantes was truly one of a kind during the times of Alexander Dumas. The story would show us the evil side of human person selfishness and pride. In fact, the events in the story still exist during these times. One good example is the corruption and injustices happening in our country. To name a few: the case of Ampatuan Massacre which until now is still not resolved and the families of the unfortunate victims still not able to taste justice of the crime; and the unending corruption in the Philippines. Furthermore, we can also relate the theme of the story to each of us. The novel was an epic adventure of a human being’s nature and emotions. I can say that it is natural for us to feel angry to those who had wronged us. When we hold grudge to someone, we are compelled to take revenge in order to satisfy our feelings of anger. In fact, this kind of emotional adventure has already happened to me once then and I learned so much out from that experience. Surely, it had also happened to someone else on this planet and many lives are torn apart just because of the selfishness and pride of some people. However, when we surrender everything we feel to God and feeling all those emotions of anger without trying to change anything that has happened to us we will soon be enlightened and forgiveness will step our way. When everything is already enough and we feel that many people have been affected just because of that feeling of anger and revenge, we start to forgive those who had wronged us. Accordingly, this is one of the best feelings we experience as humans because in forgiveness you see peace and love. When you forgive a person, it means that you are letting go of that grudge and finds your way to peace and happiness. Indeed, the Lord Jesus taught us to forgive those who had wronged us. Even He Himself died in the cross in order for us to be redeemed from our sins and to experience new life. That’s how huge God’s love for us. Thus, it is fine when we have to undergo feelings of anger towards a person. It is good to feel it rather than rejecting it because when we start running from the truth that we are angry at the person and all we just feel is revenge we start to hurt ourselves and others. Our health will be destroyed so much that our relationships will be in much chaos. Perhaps, this novel nurtured the spirit of Rizal to fight Spanish tyranny. He was consciously aware of the atrocities and maltreatment that some Spanish officials and friars did to his fellowmen. Corruption and injustice were everywhere but most of the Filipinos were not aware of it. The powerful Spanish Friars just used the Catholic Religion in order to cover their corrupt actions. But Rizal knew that there was something wrong and he must act to fight it. Furthermore, another two books that deeply affected Rizal were Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Eugene Sue’s The Wandering Jew. These two books aroused his sympathy for the oppressed and unfortunate Filipino people. He further developed and liberated his mind by reading various books and studying the different lives and cultures of the European countries. He was desperate to free his suffering countrymen from slavery and torture. As much as Rizal did free his mind to venture into the unknowns and to find out that everything that the tyrants did were wrong through fervent studying, he also liberated the minds of his countrymen through writing his first novel â€Å"Noli Me Tangere†. Indeed, Noli was a very excellent novel that showed the truth that the tyrants are torturing the Filipino people. Because of this novel, the Spanish friars were enraged and they tried to protect themselves by attacking the novel. However, truth will always prevail and the good will always win. I can say that Rizal was designated by God to be the saviour of the Filipino people against Spanish tyranny and we can see this through his unique genius and patriotism. He loved his countrymen and he found wisdom in every wrong thing happening in his country. He tried to find a way in order to correct this wrongdoing and he prepared himself to free his countrymen. Indeed, Rizal was a true liberator. And one of the factors that encouraged him to liberate his mind and his people was reading good books. Thus, I can say that reading can free your mind from negative â€Å"stinking† beliefs that blinded you from seeing the right and positive way of living. In fact, I could say that some of our beliefs that we developed and inherited based from our past experiences and influences are all lies. They need to be removed in order for us to see the truth, the right direction and the most eternal way. And we can do this through reading and acquiring wisdom and knowledge. Our lives are driven by our own beliefs and those beliefs brought us to where we are right now whether those beliefs are right or wrong. As much as Rizal freed his countrymen from Spanish tyranny through using his exemplary character and outstanding genius, we can also free our minds against the negative thoughts that are barring our minds to see the right way towards living the most out of life through continued developing of our character and perseverance and passion to learn new things even to the things that we do not know. That’s a true heroism!

Organ Donation Essay Example for Free

Organ Donation Essay 1. The purpose of this essay was to support my claim that organ donation has a lot of positive results. My plan with this essay to get the reader to be more informed of the process and list some statistics associated with it. I hope that the reader, if they were not fully aware of the topic, to do more research for themselves. 2. From this assignment, I learned how to gather data to support my arguments. I already felt strongly about this subject before writing on it. Though, I learned more about the underground black markets associated with organ harvesting. 3. The only difficulties I had were trying to make everything flow in the body of my paragraphs. Also, how to incorporate the down side of the issue. The editing part wasn’t too hard for me. 4. I enjoyed writing on a topic that I fully support as an individual. I also enjoyed reading articles related to the topic on how a life was dramatically improved or saved. I in addition, learned to better support my claims. 5. I decided to write on this topic due to the fact that I am signed up to be an organ donor myself. I am not currently discussing this topic in another course. I was not fully aware of the topic until I fully researched it before deciding to become one. 6. There is not anything else I would like for you to know. Should More Attention Be Given To Organ Donation? When it comes to organ donation, it is a very touchy subject for a lot of people. The majority of them are hesitant about registering to become an organ donor because they are usually ill informed about the process. Besides helping to save or drastically improve someone’s life, you can also give some kind of comfort to their grieving families. There are so many organs and tissues that can be donated and one can also be a living person in order to do it. A sad statistic about the organ donation waiting list is that every 48 hours, someone dies while waiting for an organ and never receiving it (Newton). So one has to wonder if the general public was more aware of this issue; they would be more willing to sign up. Although there are some religious sects have some stipulations against organ donations, the majority actually condone it to be an act of charity. Though the subject of organ donation is a very sensitive issue, there are many advantages to them being performed. The fact that it only takes one organ donor to save  over eight lives is simply amazing and that the donor is able to give comfort to grieving families and improve someone’s way of life. Financial or celebrity status has no bearing on determining who is able to receive a transplant in the U.S. Also, the system for matching donors and recipients being regulated by the Federal Government should give people some ease about any wrong doing involving the sale of organs in the United States (Burande). An Ethics Committee was in fact put into place by organizations that specialize in the procurement of organs and every region and hospital has one. Hearts, lungs, livers, kidneys, pancreas, small intestines, and also the eyes could be donated and transplants have a highly successful transfer rate of up to 80 to 90 percent (Burande). A person can be a living person and still donate certain parts of organs and bone marrow (Burande). Children can even become organ donors with their parent’s consent and the family pays no bills associated with any kind of organ donation. The donor person’s medical history is more significant than a person’s age, so someone should never think that they are too old to eligible to donate (Organ Donation: Don’t let These Myths C onfuse You). A person can even donate their entire body for the benefit of research and the use of medical education. A lot of families are concerned that if their deceased loved one donates, that they will not be able to have an open casket funeral and that is simply not true (Organ Donation: Don’t let These Myths Confuse You). The respect of the deceased and their families is one of the top priorities when it comes to organ donation. The process also involves many steps, with the first being a referral when a patient is about to pass away to confirm if they are or are not a registered donor. Then a medical evaluation is done to see if the organs are suitable. After a declaration of death is made by the doctor, the next of kin signs a consent form. After transplant coordinators confirm the death with a medical examiner or coroner to see whether it’s under jurisdiction, the transplant surgeon finalizes the recipient as a proper match. The work of the surgical removal team is also ov erseen by the transplant coordinator. Last, after it’s all said and done, letters are sent out to the donor’s family, relevant doctors and nurses informing them of the outcome of the donation that was done. Just like any other medical procedure, there are some issues that do exist. Over 115,000 people are currently waiting for an organ in the U.S and every 48 hours, a  person dies waiting to receive an organ and not getting one (Burande). Each year over a million people need organs to save or dramatically improve their life. There is also a black market that exists for some organs, especially kidneys, so naturally people are hesitant due to its unethical prospects (Adomaitis). This tends to happen more frequently in countries where the population is poor. Organs from living donors are transplanted from people that live in poverty into more prominent citizens that live elsewhere all due to the need for money. A new study was done out of Alberta, Canada that Canadians might be more willing to sign up to be registered donors if they were offered some kind of monetary compensation for their families (Verner). The families would be offered a tax break or help with funeral expenses and of course the process would be done legally and all safety precautions would be followed. The only problem that is foreseen from that is how to establish the cost of an organ when life itself is precious. When it comes to the subject of organ donation, there are many religious aspects concerning beliefs from various religions. Although, many religions actually encourage it because they consider it be an act of charity, but with stipulations when it comes to a person doing it. Jehovah’s Witnesses believe that if a person decides to donate, all organs and tissues must be drained of blood first (Adomaitis). The Amish approves it only if the recipient’s life will be definitely improved or saved (Adomaitis). Though, they are not opposed to it, Mennonites leave the decision to the individual or his/her family members. In closing, no matter how sensitive a person is when it comes to the subject of organ donation, it never hurts to fully research the topic. He or she might have to come upon making a decision one day concerning the matter and they should be fully informed of all the pros and cons. This concludes my essay on the issue of organ donation. Annotated Bibliography Burande, Abhay. Organ Donation Facts and Statistics. Dec 21, 2011, Retrieved from http://www.buzzle.com/articles/organ-donation-facts-and-statistics.html There are many statistical data to support the pros of organ transplants. The process is overseen by a committee in the U.S. that ensures its strict adherence. Adomaitis, Mary Beth. Cons of Organ Donating. Retrieved from http://dyinglovetoknow.com/ConsofOrganDonating Besides the pros of organ donation there are many cons associated with this issue. Black markets for organs and taking advantage of the poor to help the rich are sometimes concerns for many. Verner, Amy. Compensating Organ Donors Could Increase Donation Rates, Study Finds. The Globe Mail, Published Wednesday, Nov 07, 2012, Retrieved from http://www/the globeandmail.com/life/the-hot-button/compensating-organ-donors-could-increase-donations.html Studies have shown that people in Canada are more inclined to sign donor cards if they were monetarily compensated. The only issue is that of how to put a value on human life. Newton, Joshua. How Does The General Public View Posthumous Organ Donation? A Meta-Synthesis of the Qualitative Literature. BMC Public Health 2011, 11:791. Retrieved from http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/11/791 There are many individuals who are unwilling become organ donors posthumously, thus creating a disparity between the supply and demand for transplants. A meta-synthesis of literature was therefore conducted to determine the views of the general public concerning the issue. Organ Donation: Don’t let These Myths Confuse You, The Mayo Clinic, Retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/organ-donation/FL00077 Many people are ill-informed about the organ donation process. This article lists many myths that are associated with organ donation and the truths to clarify on those myths.